What are electrolytes primarily made up of?

Electrolytes are primarily made up of minerals dissolved in water. These minerals dissociate into ions, which are essential for various physiological functions in the body. Common electrolytes include sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, bicarbonate, and phosphate.

When these minerals dissolve in bodily fluids, they become charged particles that help regulate fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contractions. This process is crucial, particularly in maintaining hydration status and supporting cellular processes.

The other choices do not accurately represent the composition of electrolytes. Proteins, carbohydrates, and vitamins do not primarily constitute electrolytes or serve the same roles as minerals in fluid balance and physiological function. Instead, they have distinct functions within the body that are important but separate from the role of electrolytes.