What is the main purpose of taking a folic acid supplement?

The main purpose of taking a folic acid supplement is to prevent neural tube defects. Folic acid, a B-vitamin (B9), plays a crucial role in DNA synthesis and cell division, which is especially important during periods of rapid growth, such as during pregnancy. Insufficient folic acid intake in pregnant women increases the risk of neural tube defects, which are serious birth defects that affect the brain and spinal cord. These defects can occur in the early stages of pregnancy, often before a woman even knows she is pregnant, making it essential for all women of childbearing age to have adequate folic acid levels.

Other options such as curing diseases, enhancing energy levels, or improving digestive health do not reflect the primary clinical significance of folic acid supplementation. While it may contribute indirectly to overall health, its critical role in preventing specific birth defects is why supplementation is particularly emphasized in prenatal care.