Which vitamins are categorized as water-soluble?

The classification of vitamins into water-soluble and fat-soluble is based on their solubility in different environments, which affects their absorption, transport, and storage in the body.

Water-soluble vitamins include vitamin C and the B vitamins, which consist of thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, vitamin B6, biotin, folate, and vitamin B12. These vitamins dissolve in water, allowing them to be easily absorbed into the bloodstream. Because they are not stored in the body to a significant extent, excess amounts are usually excreted in urine, making it essential to consume them regularly through diet.

Understanding the roles of water-soluble vitamins highlights their importance in various bodily functions. For instance, B vitamins are crucial for energy metabolism, while vitamin C serves as an antioxidant and supports immune function. This classification also helps in recognizing potential deficiencies, as a lack of these vitamins can lead to specific health issues, emphasizing the need for a balanced diet that includes a variety of foods rich in these vitamins.